玉蝴蝶·渐觉芳郊明媚
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宋代]：柳永
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渐觉芳郊明媚，夜来膏雨，一洒尘埃。满目浅桃深杏，露染风裁。银塘静、鱼鳞簟展，烟岫翠、龟甲屏开。殷晴雷，云中鼓吹，游遍蓬莱。
徘徊。集旟前后，三千珠履，十二金钗。雅俗熙熙，下车成宴尽春台。好雍容、东山妓女，堪笑傲、北海尊罍。且追陪，凤池归去，那更重来。
玉蝴蝶·渐觉芳郊明媚译文及注释
译文
春天来了，京郊的景色渐渐鲜妍悦目。昨夜下了一场春雨，洒湿凡尘。满眼都是浅色的桃花和深色的杏花，露水将它们染色，春风为它们裁衣。安静的银白色的水塘，水面的波纹就像把卷着的竹席慢慢展开一样，从岸边一层推一层，形成如鱼鳞一样的水上画面。云雾缭绕的山峰已然翠绿，像龟背一样的丘陵就像孔雀开屏一样的美丽。权贵郊游的乐队吹起鼓乐，声音如雷，在云雾间环绕。我游遍了山间美景。
遇到权贵的车仗，我徘徊在车仗周围观看。权贵带了许多女眷和文人，他们下车摆设野餐，餐饮的场所都选择风景美好的地方。权贵带来的妓女雍容华贵，他真有东晋谢安的儒雅之风。而陪他饮酒之人都极善饮酒，可以和汉献帝时的孔融媲美。姑且也追随他做个陪客，像他这么大的官郊游厌足回到京城了，哪能再来呢！
注释
玉蝴蝶：词牌名。此调有小令及长调两体，小令为唐温庭筠所创，双调，上片四句，押三平韵，二十一字；下片四句，押三平韵，二十字，共四十一字。长调始于宋人柳永，又称为“玉蝴蝶慢”，双调，九十九字，平韵。亦有九十八字体。
渐觉：渐渐让人感觉到。芳郊：京郊的景色。明媚：鲜妍悦目。
膏雨：即春雨。古有谚语“春雨贵如油”，故称春雨为膏雨。膏：油脂。
满目浅桃深杏：满眼都是浅色的桃花和深色的杏花。因为桃花颜色相对浅淡，故称浅桃；而杏花颜色相对深艳，因此称深杏。
露染风裁：露水将它们染色，春风为它们裁衣。
银塘静：银白色的水塘非常安静。银塘：水塘在阳光照耀下泛着银光，故称银塘。
鱼鳞：形容水波的形状好像鱼鳞一样。簟（diàn）展：把卷着的竹席慢慢展开。簟：坐卧用的竹席。
烟岫（xiù）：指云雾缭绕的山峰。龟甲：指地面隆起的像龟背一样的丘陵。
殷晴雷：指鼓乐声如雷声一样洪亮。殷：象声词，震动的声音。晴雷：晴天之雷。
蓬莱：古代传说中的三仙山之一，这里比喻京郊外的山美丽得就好像蓬莱仙境一样。
集旟（yú）：古代军队出征时举的旗帜。
参考资料：
1、《读点经典》编委会．《婉约词圣柳永·李清照名词名句》：凤凰出版社，2012年6月：192-198
玉蝴蝶·渐觉芳郊明媚创作背景
该词具体创作时间未知。该词当是赠人之作，据词下片，知所赠者应是一地方主官，具体姓氏不详。
参考资料：
1、袁行霈主编；刘跃进副主编；过常宝撰 ．柳永词选：商务印书馆，2015.03：第154页
玉蝴蝶·渐觉芳郊明媚鉴赏
词人写这首词颇费了一番心力。上片前三韵描绘美好艳丽的春色，为宴饮铺设美好的背景。至第四韵始，以乐声拉开宴饮的序幕，作为下片正面描写宴饮的过渡。这里写乐声，词人以晴空的震雷与云中的仙乐为喻，所游之地也以蓬莱仙境代指，目的只在于突出宴饮的不凡。
下片正面写宴饮，不仅“集旟”、‘下车”、“春台”均系出自古代文献中的词语，词人更连续用典。“三千珠履”、“十二金钗”，前者写与宴人之众之贵，后者写表演者之多之美；“好雍容、东山妓女”、“堪笑傲、北海尊罍”，前者写宴饮的气派，可与东晋谢安媲美；后者写宴饮的热烈，盖过了东汉孔融。几个典故又全以对偶句出之，极尽铺排之力。而词人自己不过是盛宴中的一个“追陪”的角色，还以“凤池归去，那更重来”一语，表示盛宴难逢的欣幸之情。
词人如此费尽心力地写作，也可能是出于无奈境地中的应酬，但如此写来，到底显得俗气，即下片语言，也有些生硬板滞，缺少流畅清明之美。
这首词值得一读之处只在上片前三韵景语。无论是所绘之景还是所用之语，都能给人以美的感受。
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元好问《
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人月圆·玄都观里桃千树》
柳永简介
唐代·柳永的简介
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柳永，（约987年—约1053年）北宋著名词人，婉约派代表人物。汉族，崇安（今福建武夷山）人，原名三变，字景庄，后改名永，字耆卿，排行第七，又称柳七。宋仁宗朝进士，官至屯田员外郎，故世称柳屯田。他自称“奉旨填词柳三变”，以毕生精力作词，并以“白衣卿相”自诩。其词多描绘城市风光和歌妓生活，尤长于抒写羁旅行役之情，创作慢词独多。铺叙刻画，情景交融，语言通俗，音律谐婉，在当时流传极其广泛，人称“凡有井水饮处，皆能歌柳词”，婉约派最具代表性的人物之一，对宋词的发展有重大影响，代表作 《雨霖铃》《八声甘州》。
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