三人成虎
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两汉]：刘向
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庞葱与太子质于邯郸，谓魏王曰：‘今一人言市有虎，王信之乎？’王曰：‘否。’‘二人言市有虎，王信之乎？’王曰：‘寡人疑之矣。’‘三人言市有虎，王信之乎？’王曰：‘寡人信之矣。’庞葱曰：‘夫市之无虎明矣，然而三人言而成虎。今邯郸去大梁也远于市，而议臣者过于三人，愿王察之。’王曰：‘寡人自为知。’于是辞行，而谗言先至。后太子罢质，果不得见。(庞葱一作：庞恭)
三人成虎译文及注释
译文
庞葱要陪太子到邯郸去做人质，庞葱对魏王说：“现在，如果有一个人说大街上有老虎，您相信吗”“魏王说：“不相信。”庞葱说：“如果是两个人说呢？”魏王说：“那我就要疑惑了。”庞葱又说：“如果增加到三个人呢，大王相信吗？”魏王说：“我相信了。”庞葱说：“大街上不会有老虎那是很清楚的，但是三个人说有老虎，就像真有老虎了。如今邯郸离大梁，比我们到街市远得多，而毁谤我的人超过了三个。希望您能明察秋毫。”魏王说：“我知道该怎么办。”于是庞葱告辞而去，而毁谤他的话很快传到魏王那里。后来太子结束了人质的生活，庞葱果真不能再见魏王了。
注释
庞恭：魏国大臣。
质：人质，这里用作动词，指作人质。谓将人作为抵押品，这是战国时代国与国之间的外交惯例。
邯郸：赵国的都城，在今河北省邯郸县西南十里。
市：集市
之：代词，这里指“市有虎”这件事。
信：相信。
夫：语气词，用于句首，表示下文要发表议论，现代汉语没有与此相应的词语。
明：明白，清楚。
然：可是。
去：距离。
议臣者：议论我的人。议：议论。这里是非议，说人坏话。臣：庞葱（恭）自称。者：……的人。
愿：希望。
察：观察，仔细看，明察。
反：通“返”，返回。
得：能够（得到）。
见：拜见、谒见。这里指召见。
竟：最终
通假字
原句：庞恭从邯郸反
“反”通“返” 意思为返回
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佚名《
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朝三暮四》
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苏轼《
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富人之子》
刘向简介
唐代·刘向的简介
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刘向（约前77—前6） 原名更生，字子政，祖籍沛郡（今属江苏徐州）人。西汉经学家、目录学家、文学家。刘向的散文主要是秦疏和校雠古书的“叙录”，较有名的有《谏营昌陵疏》和《战国策叙录》，叙事简约，理论畅达、舒缓平易是其主要特色。
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