清平乐·弹琴峡题壁
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清代]：纳兰性德
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泠泠彻夜，谁是知音者。如梦前朝何处也，一曲边愁难写。
极天关塞云中，人随落雁西风。唤取红襟翠袖，莫教泪洒英雄。
清平乐·弹琴峡题壁译文及注释
译文
水声清幽悦耳，彻夜回荡，但谁又是它的知音呢？前朝如梦，边愁难写。
极目望去，天边的云中．征人与征雁同行于秋风之中。如此悲凉之景，让人不禁伤怀，只好唤来歌女消愁，不要让英雄热泪轻易落下。
注释
清平乐：词牌名，原为唐教坊曲名，取用汉乐府“清乐”、“平乐”这两个乐调而命名。双调，四十六字。上阕押仄声韵，下阕换平声韵。也有全押仄声韵的。
弹琴峡：据《大清一统志·顺天府》： “弹琴峡，在昌平州西北居庸关内，水流石罅，声若弹琴。”
泠（líng）泠：形容水流声清脆。
关塞（sài）：此处泛指边关之地。
极天关塞云中，人随落雁西风：化用杜甫《秋兴》诗： “关塞极天唯鸟道。江湖满地一渔翁”。这句写居庸关的形势极其险要。
唤取红襟翠袖，莫教泪洒英雄：化用辛弃疾《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》词：“倩何人唤取，红襟翠袖，揾英雄泪”。红襟翠袖：指歌女。
参考资料：
1、（清）纳兰性德著；田萍注解．纳兰词全集鉴赏：中国画报出版社，2013.04：283-284页
2、（清）纳兰性德著．家庭书架 纳兰词：南海出版公司，2013.10：82页
清平乐·弹琴峡题壁创作背景
康熙十五年（1676）十月，词人途径弹琴峡，秋风苍劲，远远的看着边塞的景色，兴亡之感不禁而生，于是作了这一首《清平乐》，并用以题壁。
参考资料：
1、闵泽平编著．纳兰词全集 汇编汇评汇校：崇文书局，2012.03：26-27页
清平乐·弹琴峡题壁鉴赏
此篇为行役塞上之作。词中抒发了关塞行役中的“边愁”及词人的兴亡之感。
词作由冷冷水声起兴。用“冷冷”形容流水的清脆悠扬，自是十分精当，化用了陆机《招隐诗》中的名句“山溜何冷泠，飞泉漱鸣玉”，也就十分自然。然而唐刘长卿曾作过一首《听弹琴》诗，里面也有“冷冷”二字：“冷冷七弦上，静听松风寒。古调虽自爱，今人多不弹”。可见这“冷冷”既可以形容流水，亦可以描述琴声。此处词人正是由潺潺的流水声联想到泠泠的琴声，从而发出“谁是知音者”的疑问。
“如梦前朝何处也，一曲边愁难写”，鸣琴一样的水声勾起的不仅仅是知音难觅的慨叹，还有前朝如梦、边愁难写的无端意绪、种种悲感。至此，整个上阕，都是从听觉上引来的愁情落笔。
下阕转而从视觉、从眼前景上进一步渲染这种愁情。“极天关塞云中，纳兰只能与大雁”，“极天”言关塞之远，“云中”谓关塞之险，皆出之于夸张之辞。这样险要的边关之地，自然是极其寥廓辽远的。“唤取红襟翠袖，莫教泪洒英雄”，结尾二句，由辛弃疾《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》中词句“倩何人，唤取红巾翠袖，揾英雄泪”化出，自然浑成，表达了难以名状的孤独寂寞的情怀，深切感人。
该词抒发了词人关塞行役中的“边愁”，并将此愁书于壁上。上片由水声泠泠起笔，慨叹知音难觅、前朝如梦，这是落笔于听觉上激发的愁情。下片写景后抒发感情，从视觉及眼前景更深层地渲染这种愁情，自然流畅，感叹孤独寂寞的情怀难以言明。全词气韵苍凉，表达了词人“英雄寂寞”的情怀。
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张孝祥《
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水调歌头·泛湘江》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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