梦江南·昏鸦尽
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清代]：纳兰性德
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昏鸦尽，小立恨因谁？急雪乍翻香阁絮，轻风吹到胆瓶梅，心字已成灰。
梦江南·昏鸦尽译文及注释
译文
昏鸦掠过天空，远而飞去，自己却满怀着怨恨，临风独立。眼下是急雪翻飞，有如柳絮散落香阁。晚风轻轻地，吹拂着胆瓶中的寒梅。此时此刻，心字香烧成灰烬，自己的心也已冰冷。
注释
昏鸦：黄昏时分，昏暗不明的乌鸦群。
香阁，青年女子所居之内室。 胆瓶，长颈大腹，形如悬胆之花瓶。
心字：即心字香。
梦江南·昏鸦尽创作背景
据说，这首词是写在纳兰性德的表妹雪梅被选到宫里之后。他与表妹雪梅一块长大，从小青梅竹马，如今，表妹走了，走进了皇宫，当了妃子。他经常一个人在黄昏时小立，望着宫廷的方向凝神，初恋是彻底没有希望了，这辈子也别再想与表妹雪梅见一面了。
参考资料：
1、安意如．当时只道是寻常：人民文学出版社，2011
梦江南·昏鸦尽鉴赏
这首词，抒写的是黄昏独立思人的幽怨之情。题材常见，容若所取的也是寻常一个小景。但此寻常小景经他描摹，便极精美幽微。尤以结句最妙，一语双关。“心字已成灰”既是实景又有深喻，既指香已燃尽，也指独立者心如死灰。很是耐人寻味。此词一般解作闺情词，是女子在冬日黄昏思念心上人，然而，解作容若思念意中人也未尝不可。
以“尽”与“立”描摹一种状态。而“恨因谁”，则郑重地提出问题。但是，并不马上回答。而已“急雪”与“轻风”一组并列对句，展开画面。即将内在情思物景化，令其与外部景物融合为一，又将外部景物情思化，谓其“乍翻”与“吹到”。究竟有情、无情，难以分辨。然后，直至结尾，才推出答案。谓心字香与香字心，都已死去。用的是双关语，颇饶意趣。而言情如此，亦够决绝。或以为说闺中情，代女子立言，谓于冬日黄昏，思念着远游人。
这首词存在一个镜头转换，如同拍电影一样。前面两句写的是纳兰自己站立在黄昏渐渐笼罩的昏暗之下，望着渐渐飞远的昏鸦，心里充满伤感，不停地叹息。后面写的却是闺中的女子所住的香闺。这个女子是纳兰心爱的女子。纳兰把镜头对准了她的香闺，对准了香闺的一切物事：从窗外飘进来的柳絮、胆瓶、插在胆瓶内的梅花、落在书案上的梅花花瓣、已经燃完的心字香的灰烬。
银笙声声衬着天涯游子的心香飘摇，归乡之念绵延却始终杳杳。某日醒来惊觉流光已把人抛闪。流光无情比起自觉心如死灰，更叫人心下惘然。
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黄庭坚《
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王维《
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过沈居士山居哭之》
纳兰性德简介
唐代·纳兰性德的简介
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纳兰性德（1655－1685），满洲人，字容若，号楞伽山人，清代最著名词人之一。其诗词“纳兰词”在清代以至整个中国词坛上都享有很高的声誉，在中国文学史上也占有光采夺目的一席。他生活于满汉融合时期，其贵族家庭兴衰具有关联于王朝国事的典型性。虽侍从帝王，却向往经历平淡。特殊的生活环境背景，加之个人的超逸才华，使其诗词创作呈现出独特的个性和鲜明的艺术风格。流传至今的《木兰花令·拟古决绝词》——“人生若只如初见，何事秋风悲画扇？等闲变却故人心，却道故人心易变。”富于意境，是其众多代表作之一。
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